Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part A (2025)

Thyroid cancer has several histological kinds and subtypes, each defined by unique cellular origins, molecular characteristics, and clinical outcomes. This study sought to examine the relationship between the miR-146a Rs2910164 (G>C) polymorphism and the risk of thyroid cancer in an Iraqi cohort. Approaches. A case-control strategy was employed to assess the association between microRNA (miRNA) and the risk of thyroid cancer, using 148 individuals divided into two groups: 78 cases and 70 controls. Genotyping was conducted with the Tetra-ARMS PCR methodology. Outcomes. The examination of genotypic and allelic frequencies indicated that the GC genotype (odds ratio = 1.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-2.78, p = 0.04) and the CC genotype (odds ratio = 1.04-7.97, p = 0.02) exhibited significant associations; conversely, the GG genotype did not reveal any notable connection. The C allele was associated with an elevated risk, but the G allele had no significant correlation with risk (p=0.82). Conclusions. Our research validates and expands upon prior findings, illustrating the significance of rs 2910164, a miRNA, as a genetic risk factor for thyroid cancer. Future study should seek to clarify the functional implications of this polymorphism across many populations and its interplay with environmental variables, therefore advancing precision medicine strategies in the therapy of thyroid cancer.